diff --git a/src/lock-ops.mjs b/src/lock-ops.mjs
index e3fbcad..3010f5a 100644
--- a/src/lock-ops.mjs
+++ b/src/lock-ops.mjs
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ import {
   KIND_APP_DATA,
   MS_PER_SECOND,
 } from './constants.mjs';
-import { nowUnix, relayListLabel } from './utils.mjs';
+import { nowUnix } from './utils.mjs';
 import { defaultHealthManager, buildRelayHealthConfig, RelayHealthManager } from './relay-health-manager.mjs';
 import { publishLock, LockPublisher } from './lock-publisher.mjs';
 import {
@@ -61,19 +61,6 @@ function filterActiveLocks(locks) {
   return locks.filter((lock) => !lock.expiresAt || lock.expiresAt > now);
 }
 
-function withTimeout(promise, timeoutMs, timeoutMessage) {
-  let timeoutHandle;
-  const timeoutPromise = new Promise((_, reject) => {
-    timeoutHandle = setTimeout(() => reject(new Error(timeoutMessage)), timeoutMs);
-  });
-  return Promise.race([promise, timeoutPromise]).finally(() => {
-    if (timeoutHandle) clearTimeout(timeoutHandle);
-  });
-}
-
-function mergeRelayList(primaryRelays, fallbackRelays) {
-  return [...new Set([...primaryRelays, ...fallbackRelays])];
-}
 
 /**
  * Queries relays for active lock events matching the criteria.
diff --git a/src/lock-publisher.mjs b/src/lock-publisher.mjs
index 61fba13..6120ed6 100644
--- a/src/lock-publisher.mjs
+++ b/src/lock-publisher.mjs
@@ -6,23 +6,8 @@ import {
   getRelayFallbacks,
   getMinActiveRelayPool,
 } from './torch-config.mjs';
-import { mergeRelayList } from './utils.mjs';
+import { mergeRelayList, relayListLabel, withTimeout } from './utils.mjs';
 import { defaultHealthManager, buildRelayHealthConfig } from './relay-health-manager.mjs';
-import { relayListLabel } from './utils.mjs';
-
-function withTimeout(promise, timeoutMs, timeoutMessage) {
-  let timeoutHandle;
-  const timeoutPromise = new Promise((_, reject) => {
-    timeoutHandle = setTimeout(() => reject(new Error(timeoutMessage)), timeoutMs);
-  });
-  return Promise.race([promise, timeoutPromise]).finally(() => {
-    if (timeoutHandle) clearTimeout(timeoutHandle);
-  });
-}
-
-function mergeRelayList(primaryRelays, fallbackRelays) {
-  return [...new Set([...primaryRelays, ...fallbackRelays])];
-}
 
 const PUBLISH_ERROR_CODES = {
   TIMEOUT: 'publish_timeout',
diff --git a/src/lock-utils.mjs b/src/lock-utils.mjs
index dbe1820..b44a11a 100644
--- a/src/lock-utils.mjs
+++ b/src/lock-utils.mjs
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import path from 'node:path';
 import { randomInt } from 'node:crypto';
 import { todayDateStr, getIsoWeekStr } from './utils.mjs';
 
-export { relayListLabel } from './utils.mjs';
+export { relayListLabel, withTimeout, mergeRelayList } from './utils.mjs';
 
 /**
  * Scans the local log directory to identify agents that have already completed their task
@@ -51,11 +51,6 @@ export async function getCompletedAgents(cadence, logDir, deps) {
   return completed;
 }
 
-export { withTimeout };
-
-export function mergeRelayList(primaryRelays, fallbackRelays) {
-  return [...new Set([...primaryRelays, ...fallbackRelays])];
-}
 
 const MAX_RANDOM = 281474976710655; // 2**48 - 1
 
diff --git a/src/utils.mjs b/src/utils.mjs
index 4397000..82445aa 100644
--- a/src/utils.mjs
+++ b/src/utils.mjs
@@ -55,3 +55,13 @@ export function ensureDir(dir) {
 export function relayListLabel(relays) {
   return relays.join(', ');
 }
+
+export function withTimeout(promise, timeoutMs, timeoutMessage) {
+  let timeoutHandle;
+  const timeoutPromise = new Promise((_, reject) => {
+    timeoutHandle = setTimeout(() => reject(new Error(timeoutMessage)), timeoutMs);
+  });
+  return Promise.race([promise, timeoutPromise]).finally(() => {
+    if (timeoutHandle) clearTimeout(timeoutHandle);
+  });
+}
diff --git a/test/utils.test.mjs b/test/utils.test.mjs
index 7051687..40db583 100644
--- a/test/utils.test.mjs
+++ b/test/utils.test.mjs
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ import { describe, it, after } from 'node:test';
 import assert from 'node:assert';
 import fs from 'node:fs';
 import path from 'node:path';
-import { getIsoWeekStr, todayDateStr, nowUnix, ensureDir, detectPlatform, relayListLabel } from '../src/utils.mjs';
+import { getIsoWeekStr, todayDateStr, nowUnix, ensureDir, detectPlatform, relayListLabel, mergeRelayList } from '../src/utils.mjs';
 
 describe('Date Utilities', () => {
   describe('todayDateStr', () => {