diff --git a/js/feedEngine/index.js b/js/feedEngine/index.js
index 57cbb3dd..f02a15ce 100644
--- a/js/feedEngine/index.js
+++ b/js/feedEngine/index.js
@@ -10,7 +10,10 @@ export {
   createResolvePostedAtStage,
 } from "./stages.js";
 export { createExploreScorerStage } from "./exploreScoring.js";
-export { createChronologicalSorter } from "./sorters.js";
+export {
+  createChronologicalSorter,
+  createExploreDiversitySorter,
+} from "./sorters.js";
 export {
   createActiveNostrSource,
   createSubscriptionAuthorsSource,
diff --git a/js/feedEngine/sorters.js b/js/feedEngine/sorters.js
index 05475e74..459d396a 100644
--- a/js/feedEngine/sorters.js
+++ b/js/feedEngine/sorters.js
@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 // js/feedEngine/sorters.js
 
+import { normalizeHashtag } from "../utils/hashtagNormalization.js";
+
 export function createChronologicalSorter({
   direction = "desc",
   postedAtResolver,
@@ -122,3 +124,290 @@ export function createChronologicalSorter({
     return copy;
   };
 }
+
+function buildTagVector(item) {
+  const vector = new Map();
+  const video = item?.video;
+  if (!video || typeof video !== "object") {
+    return vector;
+  }
+
+  const addTag = (rawTag) => {
+    if (typeof rawTag !== "string") {
+      return;
+    }
+    const tag = normalizeHashtag(rawTag);
+    if (!tag) {
+      return;
+    }
+    vector.set(tag, (vector.get(tag) || 0) + 1);
+  };
+
+  if (Array.isArray(video.tags)) {
+    for (const tag of video.tags) {
+      if (Array.isArray(tag) && tag[0] === "t") {
+        addTag(tag[1]);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (Array.isArray(video.nip71?.hashtags)) {
+    for (const tag of video.nip71.hashtags) {
+      addTag(tag);
+    }
+  }
+
+  return vector;
+}
+
+function cosineSimilarity(vectorA, vectorB) {
+  if (!vectorA || !vectorB || vectorA.size === 0 || vectorB.size === 0) {
+    return 0;
+  }
+
+  let dot = 0;
+  let normA = 0;
+  let normB = 0;
+
+  for (const value of vectorA.values()) {
+    normA += value * value;
+  }
+  for (const value of vectorB.values()) {
+    normB += value * value;
+  }
+
+  if (!Number.isFinite(normA) || !Number.isFinite(normB) || normA <= 0 || normB <= 0) {
+    return 0;
+  }
+
+  const smaller = vectorA.size <= vectorB.size ? vectorA : vectorB;
+  const larger = smaller === vectorA ? vectorB : vectorA;
+
+  for (const [tag, value] of smaller.entries()) {
+    const other = larger.get(tag);
+    if (Number.isFinite(other)) {
+      dot += value * other;
+    }
+  }
+
+  const similarity = dot / (Math.sqrt(normA) * Math.sqrt(normB));
+  if (!Number.isFinite(similarity)) {
+    return 0;
+  }
+  if (similarity > 1) {
+    return 1;
+  }
+  if (similarity < -1) {
+    return -1;
+  }
+  return similarity;
+}
+
+function resolveItemTimestamp(item) {
+  const rootCreatedAt = Number(item?.video?.rootCreatedAt);
+  if (Number.isFinite(rootCreatedAt)) {
+    return Math.floor(rootCreatedAt);
+  }
+
+  const createdAt = Number(item?.video?.created_at);
+  if (Number.isFinite(createdAt)) {
+    return Math.floor(createdAt);
+  }
+
+  return Number.NEGATIVE_INFINITY;
+}
+
+function stableVideoId(item) {
+  return typeof item?.video?.id === "string" ? item.video.id : "";
+}
+
+function compareByTimestampId(a, b) {
+  const aTs = resolveItemTimestamp(a);
+  const bTs = resolveItemTimestamp(b);
+  if (aTs !== bTs) {
+    return bTs - aTs;
+  }
+  return stableVideoId(a).localeCompare(stableVideoId(b));
+}
+
+export function createExploreDiversitySorter({
+  lambda = 0.7,
+  stageName = "explore-diversity-sorter",
+} = {}) {
+  const normalizedLambda = Number.isFinite(lambda)
+    ? Math.min(1, Math.max(0, lambda))
+    : 0.7;
+
+  return function exploreDiversitySorter(items = [], context = {}) {
+    if (!Array.isArray(items)) {
+      return [];
+    }
+
+    const candidates = [];
+    const rest = [];
+
+    for (const item of items) {
+      const score = item?.metadata?.exploreScore;
+      if (Number.isFinite(score)) {
+        candidates.push(item);
+      } else {
+        rest.push(item);
+      }
+    }
+
+    if (candidates.length === 0) {
+      return [...rest].sort(compareByTimestampId);
+    }
+
+    let maxScore = Number.NEGATIVE_INFINITY;
+    let minScore = Number.POSITIVE_INFINITY;
+    for (const item of candidates) {
+      const score = Number(item?.metadata?.exploreScore);
+      if (!Number.isFinite(score)) {
+        continue;
+      }
+      if (score > maxScore) {
+        maxScore = score;
+      }
+      if (score < minScore) {
+        minScore = score;
+      }
+    }
+
+    const scoreSpan = maxScore - minScore;
+    const normalizeScore = (score) => {
+      const numeric = Number(score);
+      if (!Number.isFinite(numeric)) {
+        return 0;
+      }
+      if (!Number.isFinite(scoreSpan) || scoreSpan <= 0) {
+        return 1;
+      }
+      const normalized = (numeric - minScore) / scoreSpan;
+      if (normalized <= 0) {
+        return 0;
+      }
+      if (normalized >= 1) {
+        return 1;
+      }
+      return normalized;
+    };
+
+    const vectors = new Map();
+    for (const item of candidates) {
+      vectors.set(item, buildTagVector(item));
+    }
+
+    const selected = [];
+    const remaining = [...candidates];
+
+    while (remaining.length > 0) {
+      let bestCandidate = null;
+      let bestMmr = Number.NEGATIVE_INFINITY;
+      let bestRaw = Number.NEGATIVE_INFINITY;
+      let bestSimilarity = 0;
+      let bestSimilarItemId = "";
+
+      let bestRawCandidate = null;
+      let bestRawScore = Number.NEGATIVE_INFINITY;
+
+      for (const candidate of remaining) {
+        const rawScore = normalizeScore(candidate?.metadata?.exploreScore);
+        if (rawScore > bestRawScore) {
+          bestRawScore = rawScore;
+          bestRawCandidate = candidate;
+        } else if (rawScore === bestRawScore && bestRawCandidate) {
+          const tie = compareByTimestampId(candidate, bestRawCandidate);
+          if (tie < 0) {
+            bestRawCandidate = candidate;
+          }
+        }
+      }
+
+      for (const candidate of remaining) {
+        const rawScore = normalizeScore(candidate?.metadata?.exploreScore);
+        let penalty = 0;
+        let similarItemId = "";
+
+        if (selected.length > 0) {
+          const candidateVector = vectors.get(candidate);
+          for (const selectedItem of selected) {
+            const similarity = cosineSimilarity(
+              candidateVector,
+              vectors.get(selectedItem),
+            );
+            if (similarity > penalty) {
+              penalty = similarity;
+              similarItemId = stableVideoId(selectedItem);
+            }
+          }
+        }
+
+        const mmrScore =
+          normalizedLambda * rawScore - (1 - normalizedLambda) * penalty;
+
+        if (mmrScore > bestMmr) {
+          bestCandidate = candidate;
+          bestMmr = mmrScore;
+          bestRaw = rawScore;
+          bestSimilarity = penalty;
+          bestSimilarItemId = similarItemId;
+          continue;
+        }
+
+        if (mmrScore === bestMmr) {
+          if (rawScore !== bestRaw) {
+            if (rawScore > bestRaw) {
+              bestCandidate = candidate;
+              bestRaw = rawScore;
+              bestSimilarity = penalty;
+              bestSimilarItemId = similarItemId;
+            }
+            continue;
+          }
+
+          if (compareByTimestampId(candidate, bestCandidate) < 0) {
+            bestCandidate = candidate;
+            bestRaw = rawScore;
+            bestSimilarity = penalty;
+            bestSimilarItemId = similarItemId;
+          }
+        }
+      }
+
+      if (!bestCandidate) {
+        break;
+      }
+
+      selected.push(bestCandidate);
+
+      if (
+        bestRawCandidate &&
+        bestRawCandidate !== bestCandidate &&
+        bestSimilarity > 0
+      ) {
+        const selectedId = stableVideoId(bestCandidate);
+        const competitorId = stableVideoId(bestRawCandidate);
+        if (selectedId && competitorId && selectedId !== competitorId) {
+          context?.addWhy?.({
+            stage: stageName,
+            type: "diversity",
+            reason: "explore-diversity",
+            selectedId,
+            competitorIds: [competitorId],
+            similarity: bestSimilarity,
+            similarItemId: bestSimilarItemId || null,
+          });
+        }
+      }
+
+      const index = remaining.indexOf(bestCandidate);
+      if (index >= 0) {
+        remaining.splice(index, 1);
+      }
+    }
+
+    const orderedRest = [...rest].sort(compareByTimestampId);
+    return selected.concat(orderedRest);
+  };
+}